见证历史！加入欧盟47年后，英国正式“脱欧”！

经历了三年挣扎，替换了三任首相，举行了两届大选，1月31日格林尼治标准时间23：00（北京时间2月1日7:00），英国正式告别欧盟。

这是英国历史上的里程碑一刻：牵手将近半个世纪后，英国和欧盟从此各奔前程。

英国首相鲍里斯•约翰逊（Boris Johnson）在电视讲话中表示：“这是黎明破晓、新一幕拉开帷幕的时刻。”

随后，英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊发布推特称，“今夜，我们离开了欧盟，这是这个国家生命中一个非凡的转折点。让我们现在团结起来，充分利用英国退欧将带来的所有机会，让我们释放整个英国的潜力。”

英国脱欧后，将与欧盟进入为期11个月的过渡期。期间，英国仍留在欧盟关税同盟和欧洲单一市场，双方贸易关系维持现状；人员也可以自由流动；遵守欧盟所有规则，但不再参与欧盟决策进程。

那么，英国离开欧盟后会发生什么变化呢？

01.

UK MEPs lose their seats

Familiar faces such as Nigel Farage and Ann Widdecombe are among the UK's 73 MEPs who will automatically lose their seats in the European Parliament.That's because, at the moment of Brexit, the UK will leave all of the EU's political institutions and agencies.

73位欧洲议会议员将自动失去在欧洲议会中的席位，其中包括大家熟悉的奈杰尔·法拉奇和安·威特库朗。这是因为，从脱欧的那一刻起，英国将脱离一切欧盟的政治团体和组织。

However, in addition to the UK following EU rules during the transition period, the European Court of Justice will continue to have the final say over legal disputes.

然而，英国除了需要在过渡期遵循欧盟条例外，欧洲法院 依旧享有法律纠纷的最终裁量权。

02.

No more EU summits

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson will have to be specially invited if he wants to join other leaders at EU Council summits in the future. British ministers will also no longer attend regular EU meetings that decide things such as fishing limits. 

如果英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊以后还想和其他首脑一块参加欧盟理事会峰会，那他得受特别邀请才行。英国首相也不再出席敲定诸如渔获定额等事宜的例行欧盟会议。

03.

We will be hearing a lot about trade

The UK will be able to start talking to countries around the world about setting new rules for buying and selling goods and services. 

英国将和世界各国谈判，制定各项购买、销售商品和各种服务的新规则。

It has not been allowed to hold formal trade negotiations with countries like the US and Australia while it remained an EU member. 

英国还是欧盟成员国时，不能和美国、澳大利亚等国家进行正式贸易谈判。

Brexit supporters argue that having the freedom to set its own trade policy will boost the UK's economy. There's also a lot to be discussed with the EU. Agreeing a UK-EU trade deal is a top priority, so extra charges on goods and other trade barriers aren't needed when the transition ends.

脱欧支持者声称能自行制定自己的贸易政策将振兴英国经济。还有不少事宜需要和欧盟讨论。通过英国-欧盟贸易条约是重中之重。这样过渡期结束后，才不用对商品多收费，也不会有贸易壁垒。

04.

The UK's passports will change colour

Blue passports will be making a return, more than 30 years after they were replaced by the current burgundy design.

自30年前被现行的深红色护照取代之后，蓝色护照将会再次回归。

Announcing the change in 2017, then Immigration Minister, Brandon Lewis, praised the return to the "iconic" blue-and-gold design, first used in 1921.

移民事务大臣布兰登·刘易斯于2017年宣布了护照上的改变，还称赞了重新使用经典的蓝底金色字体的护照的决定。这种护照最早于1921年使用

05.

The UK's Brexit department shuts down

The team that handled the UK-EU negotiations and no-deal preparations will disband on Brexit day.

脱欧日，原来负责和欧盟谈判、为无协议脱欧做准备的团队立刻解散。

The Department for Exiting the European Union was set up by former Prime Minister Theresa May in 2016.

脱欧部是2016年由时任首相特蕾莎·梅创建的。

For the upcoming talks, the UK's negotiating team will be based in Downing Street.

接下来的谈判将由首相府的谈判团队负责。

06.

Brexit coins

About three million commemorative 50p Brexit coins bearing the date "31 January" and the inscription: "Peace, prosperity and friendship with all nations", will enter circulation on Friday.The coin has received a mixed reaction, with some Remain supporters saying they will refuse to accept it.

英国计划推出一批纪念脱欧的50便士硬币，硬币上刻有“与所有国家的和平，繁荣与友谊”的题词，还有脱欧日期1月31日。大约300万硬币将于于星期五发行。

The government had planned to introduce a similar coin on 31 October, the date Brexit was previously meant to happen. However, those coins had to be melted down and recycled after the deadline was extended.

英国政府原本计划在10月31日脱欧日发行相似的硬币。随着脱欧最后期限延期，之前的硬币都被熔掉，重新利用了。

07.

Germany won't extradite its citizens to the UK

It won't be possible for some suspected criminals to be brought back to the UK if they flee to Germany.

英国的嫌疑犯一旦逃到德国，将不会再被引渡回英国。

Germany's constitution does not allow its citizens to be extradited, unless it's to another EU country. 

德国宪法禁止将德国公民引渡到其他国家，除非是另一个欧盟国家。

"This exception cannot apply anymore after the UK has left EU," a spokesman from the German Federal Ministry of Justice told BBC News.It's unclear if the same restrictions will apply to other countries. 

德国联邦司法部发言人告诉BBC，“英国脱离欧盟之后，这个例外将不再适用。”现在还不清楚其他一些国家会怎样做。

英文来源：https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-51194363?intlink_from_url=&link_location=live-reporting-story